Dove hunting presents a unique challenge: fast-moving targets demanding quick follow-up shots. Choosing the right gauge shotgun is crucial for success, balancing the power to cleanly harvest birds with the manageable weight for comfortable all-day hunts. This guide explores the best gauges for dove hunting, helping you make an informed decision based on your experience and hunting style.
Gauge Showdown: 20 Gauge vs. 12 Gauge
The two most popular gauges for dove hunting are the 20 gauge and the 12 gauge. Let's break down their pros and cons:
20 Gauge: The Lightweight Contender
Pros:
- Reduced Recoil: The lighter recoil makes the 20 gauge significantly more comfortable for extended shooting sessions, leading to better accuracy and less fatigue. This is especially beneficial for new hunters or those with less upper body strength.
- Lighter Weight: Easier to carry and maneuver, making it ideal for walking long distances and quick target acquisition.
- Less Noise: Generally produces a softer report than a 12 gauge, a plus for hunters who value reduced noise pollution.
- Improved Shoulder Comfort: For hunters prone to shoulder soreness, the 20 gauge is a far better option.
Cons:
- Less Stopping Power: While modern ammunition has significantly improved the 20 gauge's effectiveness, some hunters might find it lacks the stopping power of the 12 gauge, particularly at longer ranges.
- Higher Cost Per Shell (Sometimes): Depending on the brand and type of ammunition, 20 gauge shells can occasionally be slightly more expensive per round than 12 gauge.
12 Gauge: The Heavyweight Champion
Pros:
- Greater Stopping Power: The larger shot charge provides more consistent kills, especially at longer ranges or when birds are at the edge of your effective range.
- Wide Ammunition Availability: 12 gauge ammunition is readily available nearly everywhere, offering a vast selection of shot types, sizes, and loads.
- Lower Cost Per Shell (Often): 12 gauge shells are generally less expensive per round than 20 gauge shells.
Cons:
- Heavy Recoil: The significant recoil can be tiring, especially during long hunts, potentially leading to shooter fatigue and reduced accuracy.
- Heavier Weight: Carrying a 12 gauge all day can be cumbersome, especially when walking long distances.
- More Noise: The 12 gauge typically has a louder report than the 20 gauge.
Other Gauges to Consider (Less Common but Worth Mentioning):
- .410 Bore: While technically usable, the .410 bore is generally underpowered for effective dove hunting. It’s best suited for smaller game birds at very close ranges.
- 28 Gauge: A niche option, the 28 gauge offers a compromise between the 20 gauge and the .410 bore. However, ammo availability is less than the 12 and 20 gauges.
Choosing the Right Gauge: Experience Matters
Ultimately, the best gauge for dove hunting depends on individual preferences and experience.
- Beginner Hunters: The 20 gauge is an excellent starting point due to its lighter weight and reduced recoil, allowing for better learning and development of shooting skills.
- Experienced Hunters: The 12 gauge might be preferred for its stopping power and versatility, particularly when hunting at longer ranges or in challenging conditions.
- Physical Limitations: Hunters with shoulder problems or physical limitations may find the 20 gauge significantly more comfortable and sustainable.
Beyond the Gauge: Ammunition Selection
Regardless of your gauge choice, selecting the right ammunition is vital. Number 7 1/2 or Number 8 shot are generally considered ideal for doves, offering a balance between pattern density and payload.
Remember to always practice safe gun handling and follow all applicable hunting regulations. Happy hunting!
