The JC Higgins Model 20 12 gauge pump-action shotgun holds a special place in the hearts of many firearm enthusiasts, representing a significant piece of American firearm history. This guide delves into the history, features, variations, and value of this iconic shotgun, providing comprehensive information for collectors, shooters, and anyone curious about this classic firearm.
A Piece of History: The JC Higgins Brand
Before diving into the specifics of the Model 20, it's crucial to understand its origins. JC Higgins was not a manufacturer in the traditional sense. Instead, it was a brand name used by Sears, Roebuck and Company for a wide range of products, including firearms. Sears contracted with various manufacturers to produce firearms under the JC Higgins banner, leading to a diverse range of models and qualities over the years. The Model 20 shotguns, often highly sought after by collectors, were primarily manufactured by High Standard Manufacturing Company.
Identifying Your JC Higgins Model 20
Identifying specific variations of the JC Higgins Model 20 can be challenging due to the various manufacturers and production runs. Key features to examine for identification include:
Barrel Length and Choke:
- Barrel lengths varied, with common lengths being 26", 28", and 30".
- Choke constriction also varied, influencing the shot pattern. Common chokes included Improved Cylinder, Modified, and Full.
Stock and Forend:
- Wood type and finish can differ based on production date and grade.
- Check for any markings or stamps on the wood, as these can provide clues about the manufacturing details.
Receiver Markings:
- The receiver will typically bear the JC Higgins Model 20 designation, along with other markings that may indicate the manufacturer (e.g., High Standard). Careful examination of these markings is essential for accurate identification.
Serial Number:
- The serial number, typically located on the underside of the receiver, is crucial for tracing the history and production date of the shotgun. Researching serial numbers through online databases and forums dedicated to JC Higgins firearms can be highly beneficial.
Performance and Handling
The JC Higgins Model 20, while not a high-end competition shotgun, is generally considered a reliable and functional firearm. Its pump-action mechanism is relatively simple and robust. However, it's essential to remember that these shotguns are often older and may require careful maintenance and cleaning to ensure safe and reliable operation. Regular inspection and proper lubrication are crucial for maintaining its functionality.
Value and Collectibility
The value of a JC Higgins Model 20 varies significantly depending on its condition, variations, and completeness. Well-preserved examples in excellent condition can command a respectable price among collectors. Factors influencing value include:
- Condition: The overall condition, including bluing, wood, and mechanical functionality, heavily influences value.
- Rarity: Certain variations or features may make a particular Model 20 more rare and, therefore, more valuable.
- Originality: Original parts and accessories significantly enhance the value.
Safety First: Handling and Maintenance
Before handling any firearm, including the JC Higgins Model 20, it is crucial to prioritize safety. Always treat every firearm as if it were loaded. Familiarize yourself with proper gun safety rules and procedures, and ensure the firearm is properly cleaned and maintained before each use. If you are not familiar with firearms, seek training from a qualified instructor.
Conclusion
The JC Higgins Model 20 12 gauge pump shotgun represents a fascinating chapter in American firearm history. While not intended as a high-end competition piece, its reliability and affordability made it a popular choice for many years. Understanding its history, variations, and value is key for both collectors and those interested in owning and using this classic shotgun. Remember always to prioritize safety when handling firearms and consult with experts if you have any questions or concerns.
